1. Case summary obtained from data reported in the reimbursement/insurance documentation.
2. Wrensch, MR, et al. Breast cancer risk in women with abnormal cytology in nipple aspirates of breast fluid. J Natl. Cancer Inst. 2001;93(23); 1791-98.
3. CMS Medicare Coverage Policy #CAG-0074N; Breast biopsy (percutaneous image guided) for palpable lesions. Cited: 9-02-02.
4. London et al (JAMA, 1992, Vol. 267, pp941-944) and Dupont and Page (NEJM, 1985, 312:146-51)
5. Shen, K-W, Wu J, Lu J-S, et al. Fiberoptic ductoscopy for patients with nipple discharge. Cancer, 2000;89:1512-1519.

Clinical Reference Papers

Intra-ductal Approach to Breast Cancer Detection: A View From Inside

Duct Research & Findings 

The Potential of diagnostic and interventional ductoscopy in women

              with nipple discharge

Contemporary treatment of ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast.

Breast duct micro-endoscopy: A study of technique and a morphological 

             classification of endo-luminal lesions.

Breast Duct Micro-Endoscopy: Microbrish improves cytology

Case Report: Throwing light on nipple discharge

Breast ductoscopy with a 0.55-mini-endoscope for

           direct visualisation of intra-ductal lesions.

 

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